Portrait of Wilford Woodruff

Fourth church president

Wilford Woodruff

1807–1898

2 topics · 10 dated events · 1 source

Their part in each topic

The Succession Crisis of 1844

Apostle and diarist

Woodruff's diary is the closest thing to a contemporaneous eyewitness record of 8 August 1844, and it records the excitement, the postponement and the business — not a miracle. His address to the British Saints published in the Millennial Star in February 1845 is the earliest printed statement that 'the mantle of Joseph had fallen upon' Brigham Young, and he told a far more vivid version publicly in 1872.

Timeline · Key players · Key sources · Why it matters

Utah Polygamy and the Manifesto

Fourth church president

As president he issued the Manifesto of 24 September 1890 after concluding that continued practice would cost the church its temples and its leadership. He later told congregations at Brigham City and Logan that the Lord had shown him by vision what would happen if the practice were not stopped. In 1891 he testified under oath that the Manifesto was intended to end cohabitation as well as new marriages, and in the years afterward he authorized a small number of plural marriages in Mexico.

Timeline · Key players · Key sources · Why it matters

In the timeline

10 events across 2 topics, chronological. Only events this person was actually part of — present at, responsible for, or the subject of — not every event where the name comes up.

8 August 1844 (afternoon)

The Saints vote for the Twelvehinge

The quorums took their places as in a solemn assembly. Brigham Young told the congregation that the Quorum of the Twelve held the keys of the kingdom of God in all the world and that no man could put another between the Twelve and the prophet Joseph. He asked whether the Saints wanted a guardian, a prophet or a spokesman; the church's own report says not a hand was raised. On the motion to sustain the Twelve, Woodruff later wrote, 'At once there was a sea of hands, a universal vote; a contrary vote was called and not a hand was raised in a congregation of about fifteen thousand Saints.'

Why this is a hingeFor the only time in the movement's history, the leadership of the church was settled by a show of hands.
Disputed Van Wagoner reads the vote as a political victory won by an organized quorum over a sick and rambling rival; Jorgensen and Addams read it as the congregation recognizing a spiritual witness.
People: Brigham Young · Sidney Rigdon · Wilford Woodruff
February 1845

The first printed 'mantle' languagehinge

Wilford Woodruff's address to the officers and members in the British Islands appeared in the Millennial Star. Of the 8 August meeting he wrote: 'It was evident to the Saints that the mantle of Joseph had fallen upon him, the road that he pointed out could be seen so plainly, that none need err therein.' He described no transfiguration, no change of voice and no vision.

Why this is a hingeThis is the earliest surviving published use of the mantle image, and it is a metaphor about clarity of teaching rather than a report of a miracle.
Disputed Believing writers read it as an oblique reference to the manifestation; Van Wagoner and Harper read it as evidence that no manifestation was being claimed in 1845.
People: Wilford Woodruff
5 December 1847

The First Presidency is reorganized at Winter Quartershinge

At Orson Hyde's home on the Missouri, nine of the Twelve sustained Brigham Young as President of the Church with Heber C. Kimball and Willard Richards as counselors. A log tabernacle was thrown up at Kanesville so a conference could ratify it. Orson Pratt argued systematically against the change; John Taylor and Parley P. Pratt, both in the Salt Lake Valley, were also opposed, as was Lyman Wight. Had the full quorum been present, historians have argued, it might not have happened.

Why this is a hingeThe three-and-a-half-year apostolic interregnum ended here, and the precedent set in obscurity on the Missouri still governs how the Church chooses a president.
Disputed The Church's account presents this as restoring the proper order; Quinn and Lyman emphasize that it was contested inside the quorum and carried by an incomplete body.
People: Brigham Young · Wilford Woodruff · Lyman Wight
19 July 1857

The first public 'transfiguration' claim

Albert Carrington told a large gathering that he could not tell Brigham Young from Joseph Smith when Young spoke at the stand in Nauvoo. Brigham Young then said that somebody had passed a finger over Carrington's eyes and that he could see no one but Joseph speaking. Wilford Woodruff bore a similar public testimony in April 1872, and dozens of written accounts followed from the 1880s to the 1900s.

Disputed Jorgensen's appendix of about 129 accounts is offered as cumulative evidence of a real event; Van Wagoner and Harper argue the thirteen-year silence is the point.
People: Brigham Young · Wilford Woodruff
24–25 September 1890

The Manifesto is written and releasedhinge

Woodruff wrote in his journal that he was under the necessity of acting for the temporal salvation of the church. He drafted the statement in the third person, intending signatures from the Presidency and Twelve; George Q. Cannon edited it down by roughly 150 words and it went out as a personal declaration over Woodruff's name alone.

Why this is a hingeThe document that ended public plural marriage was a first-person statement of intention and advice, not a declaration of the First Presidency and Twelve.
Disputed Whether the shortening and the first-person framing were a deliberate legal hedge or simply Woodruff's own preference, and whether several of its retrospective factual claims were accurate.
People: Wilford Woodruff · George Q. Cannon
6 October 1890

The Manifesto sustained in general conferencehinge

Lorenzo Snow moved that the conference accept Woodruff's declaration concerning plural marriages as authoritative and binding, recognizing him as the only man on earth holding the keys of the sealing ordinances. The vote was unanimous. Zina D. H. Young wrote that day that the hearts of all were tried but looked to God and submitted.

Why this is a hingeThe sustaining vote is what made the Manifesto binding on the church rather than a personal statement, and it is the act later printed in the Doctrine and Covenants.
Disputed Later church statements date the Manifesto 26 September 1890 while Snow's motion dates it 24 September.
People: Wilford Woodruff
October 1891

Woodruff testifies that the Manifesto covers cohabitation

Asked before the master in chancery whether existing plural relations should also cease, Woodruff answered that that had been the intention. Restoration of the escheated property depended on such assurances. George Q. Cannon testified the same month that he knew of no plural marriage entered into since the Manifesto.

Disputed Diaries kept by Abraham H. Cannon record private counsel in the same period that men should keep their covenants with their families, which is not what the public testimony said.
People: Wilford Woodruff · George Q. Cannon
1891

Woodruff explains the Manifesto at Brigham City and Logan

He put a question to the Saints: whether it was wiser to continue attempting plural marriage against the laws of the nation and at the cost of the temples, or to submit. He said the Lord had shown him by vision and revelation exactly what would take place, and that he would have gone to prison himself had God not commanded otherwise.

People: Wilford Woodruff
1894

Enabling Act opens the way to statehood

Congress invited Utah to apply a seventh time. In April of the same year, at a meeting of the Presidency and Twelve in the Salt Lake Temple, Woodruff told George Q. Cannon that the day was near when there would be no difficulty in the way of good men securing noble wives; that year the Presidency authorized plural marriages in Canada, Mexico and two Utah temples.

People: Wilford Woodruff · George Q. Cannon

Sources in their own name

Source records in the database whose author line names this person. Each links to the topic that uses it.

1854–1886

Journal of Discourses, 26 vols.

Brigham Young, Wilford Woodruff, John Taylor, George Q. Cannon and others

Official LDSPrimaryText held in the Corpus

What Brigham Young and his contemporaries actually preached about race and priesthood, in their own words and at length.

Appears alongside

People who share the most dated events with Wilford Woodruff.

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